The Rankin County Prosecutor's office is responsible for the prosecution of all misdemeanor cases which occur within Rankin County and filed in Justice Court by the Mississippi Highway Patrol, the Rankin County Sheriff's Department, the Pearl River Valley Water Supply District, Constables, the Forestry Commission and the Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Parks, the Mississippi Department of Corrections, the Whitfield Police, the Mississippi Department of Transportation, Vulnerable Adult violations by the Attorney General's Office, the Jackson Airport Police as well as citizen versus citizen affidavits. Additionally, this office represents the State of Mississippi in all County Court hearings concerning the refusal of a person to take the Intoxilyzer® test when they are charged with diving under the influence as well as all appeals in the County Court.

Richard H. Wilson was elected to the position of County Prosecutor and is the first full-time County Prosecutor in the history of Rankin County. Before being elected to this four year term he held the part-time County Prosecutor position as well as the part-time position of legal counsel to the Sheriff of Rankin County. Prior to his appointment to this position by the Board of Supervisors, he served for five years as the Assistant County Prosecutor. His office is located in the Old Courthouse on the first floor. His duties include primary responsibility for the prosecution of all criminal cases in Justice Court and County Court representing the State in matters involving probable cause hearings in the Circuit Court and the filing of all appellee briefs in the Mississippi Supreme Court.